Aortic prosthetic valve calculator: EOA, DVI and PPM

Review effective orifice area, Doppler velocity index and prosthesis–patient mismatch inputs for the aortic prosthesis tool.

Created by Mohammed Kamareddine, MD · Sources & educational scope

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Method

EOA = LVOT area × LVOT VTI ÷ prosthesis VTI; DVI = LVOT VTI ÷ prosthesis VTI; iEOA = EOA ÷ BSA

Use the measurement units shown below. Some fields apply only to a selected method or condition; follow the interactive tool’s method choices. The interactive tool keeps missing measurements incomplete and provides its method-specific results and reference context.

Measurements and acquisition

LVOT VTI cm

Pulsed-wave Doppler

Place the sample volume at the specified annulus or outflow tract.
Align the Doppler beam with flow and record a clean envelope.
Trace the modal velocity envelope and use the reported VTI.

Prosthesis VTI cm

Continuous-wave Doppler trace

Use the same aligned CW recording as the peak velocity.
Trace the outer edge of the dense envelope for the relevant phase.
Use the machine-reported VTI in centimeters.

LVOT diameter cm

2D echo · inner-edge measurement · Optional

Use the specified view and cardiac phase.
Align the calipers perpendicular to the structure’s long axis.
Measure inner edge to inner edge and avoid oblique foreshortening.

Body surface area m²

Record the units, date and measurement source · Optional

Use measured height and weight where feasible. Record the units, date and whether a value was reported or estimated.
Fluid status and weight changes affect BSA. Document any substituted weight; do not silently replace measured weight with ideal or dry weight.
Use the unit named by the field. BSA is in m²; height and weight can be converted in the Body surface area calculator. Keep the formula with serial indexed results.

Body mass index kg/m²

Record the units, date and measurement source · Optional

Use measured height and weight where feasible. Record the units, date and whether a value was reported or estimated.
Fluid status and weight changes affect BSA. Document any substituted weight; do not silently replace measured weight with ideal or dry weight.
Use the unit named by the field. BSA is in m²; height and weight can be converted in the Body surface area calculator. Keep the formula with serial indexed results.

Acceleration time ms

Spectral Doppler timing · Optional

Use a sweep speed that clearly shows the interval boundaries.
Measure from the specified onset to offset.
Average representative beats using consistent rhythm handling.

Ejection time ms

Spectral Doppler timing · Optional

Use a sweep speed that clearly shows the interval boundaries.
Measure from the specified onset to offset.
Average representative beats using consistent rhythm handling.

Sources and method context

American Society of Echocardiography · 2024 · Guidelines for the Evaluation of Prosthetic Valve Function With Cardiovascular Imaging · EOA and DVI pp. 7–9 · Table 5 JASE p. 19 · Table 7 p. 20

Primary reference

EOA and DVI calculation · Section IC(iii)(b–c) · PDF pp. 7–9
Continuity-derived effective orifice area, LVOT sampling, and Doppler velocity index.
Acceleration indices · Table 5 · JASE p. 19
Acceleration time and AT/ET ranges for normal, possible, and significant stenosis patterns.
BMI-specific aortic PPM · Table 7 · JASE p. 20
Indexed EOA thresholds for BMI below 30 and BMI at least 30 kg/m².

Catalogue review status: Exact guideline locator mapped · clinical sign-off pending

These pages describe the educational tool. Interpret measurements with the complete clinical context and the method’s acquisition limitations.

Keep exploring

All echo guides · Learning paths