ECHOSUITE
Echocardiography, from acquisition to calculation.
Explore the probe position, acquire the measurement, and understand the calculation. EchoSuite brings 3D probe training and 70 echo calculators together in your browser.
Find a measurement guide
Each guide lists the tool’s inputs, units, acquisition steps, formula and references, with a link to the interactive calculator.
Stenosis
- Aortic stenosis · continuity & stressLVOT diameter · LVOT VTI · Aortic valve VTI
- Mitral valve area · pressure half-timeMitral pressure half-time
- Mitral valve area · continuityLVOT diameter · LVOT VTI · Mitral inflow VTI
- Mitral stenosis · PISA valve areaPISA radius · Aliasing velocity · Peak mitral velocity
- Tricuspid stenosis · significanceMean tricuspid gradient · Pressure half-time · Tricuspid inflow VTI
- Pulmonic stenosis · peak gradientPeak pulmonic velocity
Regurgitation
- Aortic regurgitation · PISAPISA radius · Aliasing velocity · AR Vmax
- Aortic regurgitation · continuityLVOT diameter · LVOT VTI · Mitral annulus diameter
- Mitral regurgitation · PISAPISA radius · Aliasing velocity magnitude · MR Vmax
- Mitral regurgitation · continuityLVOT diameter · LVOT VTI · Mitral annulus diameter
- Tricuspid regurgitation · quantificationPISA radius · Aliasing velocity · TR Vmax
- Pulmonic regurgitation · continuityRVOT diameter · RVOT VTI · LVOT diameter
Filling pressures
- Left atrial pressure · E/e′Mitral E velocity · Septal e′ · Lateral e′
- Left atrial pressure · MR velocitySystolic blood pressure · MR Vmax
- LA size · volume indexBiplane LA volume · Body surface area · LAVi
- Left ventricular pressuresMR peak systolic velocity · Independent LAP estimate · Diastolic blood pressure
- Sinus rhythm · general pathwayMitral E/A ratio · Septal e′ · Lateral e′
- Atrial fibrillationMitral E velocity · Septal E/e′ · TR peak velocity
- Moderate/severe MACMitral E/A ratio · IVRT
- Mitral stenosisIVRT · Mitral A peak velocity · IVRT / T(E−e′)
- Significant mitral regurgitationIVRT · Pulmonary vein Ar duration · Mitral A duration
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathyAverage E/e′ · Pulmonary vein Ar − mitral A duration · TR peak velocity
- Restrictive cardiomyopathyAverage E/e′ · Mitral E deceleration time · Mitral E/A ratio
- Sinus tachycardiaIVRT · Pulmonary vein systolic filling fraction · Average E/e′
- Diastolic exercise echoExercise average E/e′ · Exercise septal E/e′ · Exercise TR velocity
- Pulmonary hypertensionMitral E/A ratio · Mitral E velocity · LA reservoir strain
- Heart transplant · sinus rhythmAverage E/e′ · Mitral E / SRIVR · TR peak velocity
- LV assist deviceMitral E/A ratio · Right atrial pressure · PASP
Ventricular function
- Fractional shorteningLVIDd · end-diastole · LVIDs · end-systole
- LV linear dimensionsLV internal diameter · Body surface area
- Wall thickness & massLVIDd · PWd · IVSd
- LV volumesEnd-diastolic volume · End-systolic volume · Body surface area
- LV ejection fractionEnd-diastolic volume · End-systolic volume · Body surface area
- LV strain · GLS & serial changeCurrent GLS · signed · Baseline GLS · signed
- LVOT stroke volume & cardiac outputLVOT diameter · LVOT PW VTI · Heart rate at acquisition
- Aortic size & indexMeasured diameter · Body surface area
- Wall-motion score index
Right heart & PA
- Right atrial pressure · IVC & hepatic flowIVC diameter · End-expiratory maximum · Sniff minimum
- RA sizeRA volume · Body surface area · RA major dimension
- RV sizeRVD1 · basal · RVD2 · mid · RVD3 · length
- RV function & couplingTAPSE · Lateral tricuspid S′ · End-diastolic area
- RVSP and PASP · TR velocityTR Vmax · Estimated RAP · Peak pulmonic (RVOT) gradient
- Pulmonary artery pressuresPR end-diastolic velocity · PR early-diastolic peak velocity · Mean RV–RA gradient
- Mean PA pressure · RVOT acceleration timeRVOT acceleration time · Heart rate
- Pulmonary vascular resistanceTR Vmax · RVOT VTI
- RV myocardial performance indexTricuspid closure-to-opening time · Isovolumic contraction time · Isovolumic relaxation time
- Body surface area · height and weightHeight · H · Weight · W
Pericardium
- Pericardial effusion · sizeMaximum end-diastolic separation
- Mitral inflow · respiratory variationExpiratory Eₑ · Inspiratory Eᵢ
- Tricuspid inflow · respiratory variationExpiratory Eₑ · Inspiratory Eᵢ
- LVOT · respiratory variationExpiratory peak Vₑ · Inspiratory peak Vᵢ · Expiratory VTIₑ
- Hepatic vein · expiratory reversalExpiratory Dᵣ reversal · Expiratory D forward
- Annulus reversus · medial / lateral e′Medial e′ · Lateral e′
Shunts & congenital
- Qp/Qs · Doppler stroke volumesRVOT maximal-systolic diameter at PW site · RVOT VTI · LVOT maximal-systolic diameter at PW site
- ASD · anatomy, shunt & DopplerRVOT diameter at the PW sample · RVOT VTI · LVOT diameter at the PW sample
- VSD · size & right-heart pressureSystolic blood pressure · Peak VSD velocity · Independent LVEDP
- PDA · shunt & PA pressurePeak systolic PDA velocity · Systolic blood pressure · Complete-cycle mean gradient
- Coarctation · anatomy & gradientsProximal peak velocity V₁ · Coarctation peak velocity V₂ · Traced systolic mean gradient
- Fontan · circulation & gradientsTraced mean gradient
Prosthetic valves
- Aortic prosthesis · EOA, DVI, PPMLVOT VTI · Prosthesis VTI · LVOT diameter
- Surgical aortic prosthesis · obstructionPeak velocity · Mean gradient · DVI · LVOT VTI ÷ prosthesis VTI
- Aortic prosthesis · serial comparisonBaseline mean gradient · Current mean gradient · Baseline DVI
- Mitral prosthesis · EOA, DVI, PPMLVOT VTI · Mitral prosthesis VTI · LVOT diameter
- Mitral prosthesis · obstructionPeak velocity · Mean gradient · DVI · prosthesis VTI ÷ LVOT VTI
Ultrasound physics
- Wave relationshipsTransmit frequency · Sound speed · Cycles per pulse
- Pulse repetition and NyquistSample depth · Pulse repetition frequency · Pulse duration · PD
- Pulse length and near fieldTransmit frequency · f · Sound speed · c · Cycles per pulse · n
- Doppler equationShift magnitude · |Δf| · Blood speed · v · Transmit frequency · fₜ
- Acoustic impedance and intensityDensity · ρ · Sound speed · c · Medium 1 · Z₁
- Poiseuille flowTube radius · r · Tube length · L · Dynamic viscosity · η
Practice the echo views
Probe Lab combines a 3D mannequin and probe, simulated imaging, clinical reference cines, view targets and acquisition coaching.
- Parasternal long axis
- Apical four chamber
- Subcostal four chamber
- Subcostal IVC long axis
- Abdominal aorta long axis
- Suprasternal notch, aortic arch
- Parasternal short axis, aortic valve level
- Parasternal short axis, mitral valve level
- Parasternal short axis, papillary muscle level
- Parasternal short axis, apical level
- RV inflow
- RV outflow
- Apical five chamber
- Apical two chamber
- Apical three chamber (apical long axis)
About EchoSuite
Created by Mohammed Kamareddine, MD. Teaching figures link to acquisition notes and their sources; third-party anatomy and clinical media retain their listed licences.
Contact and feedback · Instagram @mkamareddine · Tools & resources