Left atrial pressure calculator: E/e′ method
Review the E/e′ pressure-estimation method and its mitral inflow and tissue-Doppler measurement guidance.
Method
Average E/e′ = E ÷ [(septal e′ + lateral e′)/2]; historical PCWP regression uses lateral E/e′
Use the measurement units shown below. Some fields apply only to a selected method or condition; follow the interactive tool’s method choices. The interactive tool keeps missing measurements incomplete and provides its method-specific results and reference context.
Measurements and acquisition
Mitral E velocity cm/s
PW Doppler at the mitral leaflet tips
- Place the PW sample between the mitral leaflet tips.
- Record at end-expiration with a clear E and A wave.
- Measure the requested peaks or trace the requested envelope.
Septal e′ cm/s
PW tissue Doppler at the mitral annulus
- Place the sample at the septal or lateral mitral annulus.
- Use tissue-Doppler settings and align with annular motion.
- Measure the early diastolic e′ peak and average representative beats.
Lateral e′ cm/s
PW tissue Doppler at the mitral annulus
- Place the sample at the septal or lateral mitral annulus.
- Use tissue-Doppler settings and align with annular motion.
- Measure the early diastolic e′ peak and average representative beats.
Sources and method context
American Society of Echocardiography · 2025 · Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function and HFpEF Diagnosis · Table 3 · PDF p. 5; Figure 3 · PDF p. 18
- Acquisition & average E/e′ · Table 3 · PDF p. 5
Tissue sample position and size, full spectral display, and E divided by average septal/lateral e′.
- Guided resting LAP reading · Figure 3 and adjacent text · PDF p. 18
General sinus-rhythm scope, PASP preference when RAP is available, pressure branches and grades.
- Historical regression is separate · Nagueh et al. JACC 1997;30:1527–1533 · PMID 9362412
The PCWP regression uses lateral annular e′ and does not directly measure pressure. The legacy E/e′ + 4 estimate remains separately labelled.
Catalogue review status: Exact guideline locator mapped · clinical sign-off pending
These pages describe the educational tool. Interpret measurements with the complete clinical context and the method’s acquisition limitations.