Aortic valve area calculator: continuity equation and stress echo

Measurement

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit

• Resting continuity
• Stress comparison

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

LVOT diameter cm

2D echo · inner-edge measurement

• Use the specified view and cardiac phase.
• Align the calipers perpendicular to the structure’s long axis.
• Measure inner edge to inner edge and avoid oblique foreshortening.

LVOT VTI cm

Pulsed-wave Doppler

• Place the sample volume at the specified annulus or outflow tract.
• Align the Doppler beam with flow and record a clean envelope.
• Trace the modal velocity envelope and use the reported VTI.

Aortic valve VTI cm

Continuous-wave Doppler trace

• Use the same aligned CW recording as the peak velocity.
• Trace the outer edge of the dense envelope for the relevant phase.
• Use the machine-reported VTI in centimeters.

Body surface area m²

Record the units, date and measurement source

• Use measured height and weight where feasible. Record the units, date and whether a value was reported or estimated.
• Fluid status and weight changes affect BSA. Document any substituted weight; do not silently replace measured weight with ideal or dry weight.
• Use the unit named by the field. BSA is in m²; height and weight can be converted in the Body surface area calculator. Keep the formula with serial indexed results.

Peak AV velocity m/s

Continuous-wave Doppler

• Align the CW cursor as parallel as possible to the jet.
• Acquire a dense, complete envelope without truncation.
• Measure the highest absolute velocity on the selected envelope.

Mean AV gradient mmHg

Complete traced CW envelope

• Align through the valve or shunt and record a complete envelope.
• Trace the modal velocity envelope using the machine tool.
• Use the machine-calculated mean gradient in mmHg.

LVEF category

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit

• Preserved · ≥50%
• Reduced · <50%

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

Rest · stroke volume mL

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

Stress · stroke volume mL

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

Rest · AVA cm²

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

Stress · AVA cm²

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

Rest · mean gradient mmHg

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

Stress · mean gradient mmHg

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

Rest · ejection time ms

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit · Optional

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

Stress · ejection time ms

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit · Optional

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.

Stage acquisitions

Enter the measured value in the displayed unit

• Matched & reliable
• Not comparable
• Uncertain

• Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
• Use the unit displayed beside the field.
• Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.