Mitral stenosis · PISA valve area calculator
Explore mitral stenosis · pisa valve area with the method’s inputs, acquisition guidance and source references. Open the calculator to enter measurements or try an illustrative worked example.
Method
MVA = (2πr²Vₐ ÷ Vmax) × θ/180
Use the measurement units shown below. Some fields apply only to a selected method or condition; follow the interactive tool’s method choices. The interactive tool keeps missing measurements incomplete and provides its method-specific results and reference context.
Measurements and acquisition
PISA radius cm
Color Doppler · peak-flow frame
- Zoom on the valve and center the flow-convergence region.
- Shift the color baseline until the shell is as hemispheric as possible.
- Measure from the regurgitant orifice to the first aliasing boundary along the jet centerline.
Aliasing velocity cm/s
Shifted color scale · absolute cm/s
- Use the same color-Doppler frame used for the radius.
- Read the Nyquist limit after baseline shift, not the jet velocity.
- Enter the absolute displayed value in cm/s.
Peak mitral velocity m/s
Continuous-wave Doppler
- Align the CW cursor as parallel as possible to the jet.
- Acquire a dense, complete envelope without truncation.
- Measure the highest absolute velocity on the selected envelope.
Funnel angle θ degrees
Enter the measured value in the displayed unit
- Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
- Use the unit displayed beside the field.
- Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.
Sources and method context
American Society of Echocardiography · 2023 · Recommendations for the Use of Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Rheumatic Heart Disease · PISA method and angle correction pp. 6–7 · Table 1 p. 6 · alternative-method recommendation p. 7
- Equation & angle correction · PISA method · PDF pp. 6–7
Flow-convergence method, transmitral peak velocity, and angle correction for the nonhemispheric convergence of the funnel-shaped rheumatic valve.
- Method limitations · PISA method · PDF p. 7
Technical complexity, multiple measurements, geometric assumptions, and lack of recommendation for routine use.
- Severity & clinical role · Table 1 p. 6 · alternative-method recommendation p. 7
Current MVA grades and use only as a corroborating method when planimetry, PHT, and mean gradient are inconclusive.
Catalogue review status: Exact guideline locator mapped · clinical sign-off pending
These pages describe the educational tool. Interpret measurements with the complete clinical context and the method’s acquisition limitations.