Mitral regurgitation PISA calculator: EROA and regurgitant volume
Connect PISA radius, aliasing velocity and the MR Doppler signal to effective regurgitant orifice area and regurgitant volume. The tool retains its acquisition limits and integrated-assessment context.
Method
EROA = 2πr²Vₐ ÷ Vmax; RVol = EROA × VTI
Use the measurement units shown below. Some fields apply only to a selected method or condition; follow the interactive tool’s method choices. The interactive tool keeps missing measurements incomplete and provides its method-specific results and reference context.
Measurements and acquisition
PISA radius cm
Color Doppler · peak-flow frame
- Zoom on the valve and center the flow-convergence region.
- Shift the color baseline until the shell is as hemispheric as possible.
- Measure from the regurgitant orifice to the first aliasing boundary along the jet centerline.
Aliasing velocity magnitude cm/s
Shifted color scale · absolute cm/s
- Use the same color-Doppler frame used for the radius.
- Read the Nyquist limit after baseline shift, not the jet velocity.
- Enter the absolute displayed value in cm/s.
MR Vmax m/s
Continuous-wave Doppler
- Align the CW cursor as parallel as possible to the jet.
- Acquire a dense, complete envelope without truncation.
- Measure the highest absolute velocity on the selected envelope.
MR VTI cm
Continuous-wave Doppler trace
- Use the same aligned CW recording as the peak velocity.
- Trace the outer edge of the dense envelope for the relevant phase.
- Use the machine-reported VTI in centimeters.
Total LV stroke volume mL
Enter the measured value in the displayed unit
- Confirm the variable matches the selected formula.
- Use the unit displayed beside the field.
- Keep measurements from the same representative hemodynamic state.
Sources and method context
American Society of Echocardiography · 2017 · Recommendations for Noninvasive Evaluation of Native Valvular Regurgitation · PISA method pp. 9–10 · Figure 5; MR Table 7 pp. 22–24; Table 8 and Figure 18 pp. 29–30
- Equation & timing · Pages 9–10 · Figure 5
Hemispheric PISA flow, EROA and regurgitant-volume equations; pair radius with aliasing velocity and peak jet velocity at the same regurgitant time point.
- Acquisition & limitations · Pages 22–24 · Table 7
Beam alignment, zoom, variance off, baseline shift, radius placement, and limitations of eccentric, constrained, multiple or noncircular jets.
- Severity integration · Pages 29–30 · Table 8 and Figure 18
Four quantitative MR grades and the requirement to integrate anatomy, vena contracta, pulmonary-vein flow, chamber response and data quality.
Catalogue review status: Exact guideline locator mapped · clinical sign-off pending
These pages describe the educational tool. Interpret measurements with the complete clinical context and the method’s acquisition limitations.
Keep exploring
- Apical four chamber acquisition guide · Open in Probe Lab
- Apical two chamber acquisition guide · Open in Probe Lab
- Apical three chamber (apical long axis) acquisition guide · Open in Probe Lab
- Aortic regurgitation PISA calculator
- Aortic regurgitation calculator: continuity method
- Mitral regurgitation calculator: continuity method
- Tricuspid regurgitation calculator: PISA quantification